Advances in the Study of Geochemistry and Paleo-oceanography of the Co-rich Crust     

Cai Yihua  HUANG Yipu 《海洋通报(英文版)》2002,4(2)

The current advances in the study of geochemistry and paleo-oceanography of the Co-rich crust are reviewed in this paper. We summarize the study of geochemistry of the Co-rich crust, discuss the diffusion of elements in the Co-rich crust and the exchange with ambient seawater. Besides, we discuss the effect of phosphatization and substrate rocks on the composition of the Co-rich crust. We also introduce the application of stable isotopes (including the stable isotopes of Pb, Nd, and Hf), radioactive isotopes (including the radioactive isotopes of Be, U and Th), and elements (including the major elements, minor elements and rare earth elements) to the study of paleo-oceanography of the Co-rich crust.  相似文献   

东太平洋沉积物U的地球化学   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

刘季花  梁宏锋 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1996,16(1):59-67

本文对地矿部“海洋四号”科学考察船１９８７－１９８９年在东赤道太平洋ＣＣ区所取得的２７个深海表层沉积样品进行Ｕ的地球化学分析，探讨了Ｕ在深海沉积中的地球化学行为，结果表明，不同类型沉积的Ｕ含量不同，平均值由大至小的次序的含沸石粘土（２．１６×１０＾－６），硅质粘土（１．９５×１０＾－６），硅质软泥（１．６５×１０＾－６），钙质硅质粘土（１．５９×１０＾－６），在同类型沉积中Ｕ的分散性较大；Ｕ在区域  相似文献   

南海西沙西南海域表层沉积物特征   总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3  

邱燕  姚伯初 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》1997,17(4):41-53

西沙西南海域表层沉积物样品矿物成分，地球化学，微体古生物分析测试结果表明：沉积物可分为７种类型，沉积环境主要是陆坡，部分为深海平原，海洋生物，海洋化学以及火山物质的沉积起到了积极的作用，陆源物质的影响较小，它们主要来源于北部大陆和南部岛礁等物源区。  相似文献   

氧同位素分析在东濮凹陷下第三纪沉积环境中的应用   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

史忠生  陈开远  史军  柳保军  何胡军  刘刚 《海洋地质前沿》2003,19(5):29-33

主要介绍了氧同位素的地球化学特征，并利用这些特征在沉积环境方面的指示意义，分析了东濮凹陷下第三系盐湖沉积的氧同位素。分析结果表明：尽管保存在碳酸盐中的氧同位素的值不能定量地反映原始氧同位素的值，不能够作为区分海陆相的标志，但它可以定性地探讨碳酸盐沉积时的沉积环境。通过对东濮凹陷下第三系盐湖沉积的氧同位素分析发现，从沙四上到沙一时期，除了沙三上的δ^18O有些突变外，基本上呈递增趋势。这反映出，从沙四上到沙一时期该区的气候逐渐向干早过渡；沙四上到沙三上一段δ＾18Ｏ明显比沙一和沙二上伯低，说明在沙四上到沙三上时期，该沉积区的蒸发作用还不是很显著，而另一方面也说明在由沙三上向沙二上过渡时，该区可能存在一次气候突变，使得沙二上和沙一时期的蒸发量远大于降雨量，δ^18O的值也因此迅速增大。同时，也做了碳酸盐同位素系数Z值的研究，其揭示的沉积环境特征与氧同位素基本相同。  相似文献   

渤海海域的上第三系油气研究   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

肖国林  陈建文 《海洋地质前沿》2003,19(8):1-6

综述了渤海湾盆地沉积与构造活动在时间与空间上的迁移与演化、烃源岩与储盖层的空间分布规律，结合盆地内的勘探现状分析了渤海湾海域上第三系的油气远景。认为盆地内凸起、低凸起以上第三系为主体，伴有东营组和前第三系油气藏的复式油气聚集带是目前渤海油气勘探最现实的有利目标。  相似文献   

长江口南支沉积物元素地球化学分区与环境指示意义   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

王国庆  石学法  刘焱光  窦衍光 《海洋科学进展》2007,25(4):408-418

对采自长江口南支的130个表层底质沉积物样品采用X射线荧光光谱法进行了20种常、微量元素的地球化学分析。在此基础上,应用系统聚类法对该区域进行了元素地球化学分区。研究结果表明,研究区主要可以分为两大地球化学分区:Ⅰ区以相对富集SiO2,Sr,Zr元素为典型特征,主要涵盖5 m等深线以浅的长江三角洲前缘区;Ⅱ区以相对富集Al2O3,TFe2O3(全铁),MgO,Pb元素为典型特征,涵盖了前三角洲的广大区域。从地球化学分区的空间分布来分析,这两个分区元素之间的差异反映的是沉积水动力条件与沉积介质物化性质这两个环境要素空间分布的差异性,即在研究区内,表层沉积物元素地球化学空间分布的差异性实质上反映了沉积环境空间分布的差异性。  相似文献   

Stratigraphy of total metals in PIRLA sediment cores   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Stephen A. Norton  Ray W. Bienert Jr.  Michael W. Binford  Jeffrey S. Kahl 《Journal of Paleolimnology》1992,7(3):191-214

Sediment cores from 30 low-alkalinity lakes in northern New England (NE), New York (NY), the northern Great Lakes States (NGLS) of Minnesota, Michigan, and Wisconsin, and Florida (FL) have been dated by ²¹⁰Pb and analyzed for water and organic content, eight major elements (Al, Ti, Fe, Mn, Ca, Mg, Na, K) plus four trace metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, and V). Variations in the percentages of major elements through time are dominated by long-term independent variations in the abundance of SiO₂, FeO, and to a lesser extent Ca and Al. Additional variations are caused by varying proportions of inorganic matter. Major variations in chemistry are generally unrelated to documented distrubances in the watersheds; most disturbances are minor fires or selective logging.Accelerated accumulation of Pb from atmospheric sources into sediment first occurs in sediment dated between 1800 and 1850 in NY and NE, slightly later in the NGLS region, and about 1900 in FL. Modern accumulation rates in all areas are comparable (ca. 1 to 4 g cm^–2 yr^–1). Accumulation rates of Pb in some lakes have declined significantly from 1975 to 1985. Atmospheric deposition of anthropogenic Zn and Cu is also indicated by generally increasing accumulation rates in sediment cores, but the record is not as clear nor are chemical profiles in all lakes parallel to the trends in atmospheric emissions inferred on the basis of fossil fuel consumption, smelting, and other industrial activities. Inter-lake variations in profiles of Cu and Zn are large. Vanadium accumulation rates increase by the 1940s in NY and NE, but not until the 1950s in the NGLS region. This timing correlates with regional trends in the combustion of fuel oil, a major source of atmospheric V.Acidification of some of the lakes is suggested by decreases in the concentration and accumulation rates of Mn, Ca, and Zn in recent sediment, relative to other elements of catchment origin. The decreases generally occur slightly before the onset of acidification as indicated by diatoms. Increased sediment accumulation rates for Fe may indicate the acidification of watershed soils. The use of the accumulation rate of TiO₂ as an indicator of rates of erosion and for normalization of trace metal accumulation rates is in question for lakes where the flux of TiO₂ from the atmosphere varies and is a significant fraction of the total flux of TiO₂ to the sediment.This is the thirteenth of a series of papers to be published by this journal which is a contribution of the Paleoecological Investigation of Recent Lake Acidification (PIRLA) project. Drs. D. F. Charles and D. R. Whitehead are guest editors for this series.  相似文献   

Review of resource analysis and related studies: Working group,Mathematical Geology,freie Universität Berlin     

M. Shulman  H. Burger  C. Kliem  W. Skala 《Natural Resources Research》1992,1(1):97-106

The working group Mathematical Geology of the Freie Universität Berlin was formed in 1971. We review quantitative methods used by the working group since 1983 to treat mineral exploration problems. The methods applied vary from elementary statistical analysis of multivariate exploration data to optimal strategies for selecting favorable targets, and from multiobjective decision-making for additional drill hole locations to expert systems in exploration.The methods applied are directly related to the level of information at each stage of the exploration process. Special emphasis was placed on the relationship between and evaluation of subjective and objective data. Case studies illustrating the various methods are presented for different kinds of mineral deposits and exploration environments.  相似文献   

高校GIS专业课程设置的探索   总被引：8，自引：4，他引：4  

朱庆伟 《测绘科学》2008,33(4)

通过对高校地理信息系统(简称GIS)专业基础理论、基本方法、应用技术、与学科最新发展前沿的深入分析,结合GIS专业学生的知识结构体系,提出了一种新的GIS专业基础课和专业课的设置,在对GIS人才的特点和能力培养途径提出了自己建议的同时,对课程内容及教学形式等相关问题进行了相应地探讨。  相似文献   

Tephra Discovered in High Resolution Peat Sediment and Its Indication to Climatic Event     

程胜高  毛绪美  王凤林  洪业汤  朱咏煊  安琪 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2008,19(2):174-183

Floating tephra was deposited together with ice core,snow layer,abyssal sediment,lake sediments,and other geological records.It is of great significance to interpret the impact on the climate change of volcanic eruptions from these geological records.It is the first time that volcanic glass was discovered from the peat of Jinchuan(金川)Maar,Jilin(吉林)Province,China.And it is in situ sediments from a near-source explosive eruption according to particle size analysis and identification results.The tephra were neither from Tianchi(天池)volcano eruptions,Changbai(长白)Mountain,nor from Jinlongdingzi(金龙顶子)volcano about 1 600 aBP eruption,but maybe from an unknown eruption of Longgang(龙岗)volcano group according to their geochemistry and distribution.Geochemical characters of the tephra are similar to those of Jingiongdingzi,which are poor in s.Jica,deficient in alkali,Na20 content is more than K20 content,and are similar to distribution patterns of REE and incompatible elements,which helps to speculate that they originated from the same mantle magma with rare condemnation,and from basaltic explosive eruption of Longgang volcano group.The tephra,from peat with age proved that the eruption possibly happened in 15 BC-26 AD,is one of Longgang volcano group eruption that was not recorded and is earlier than that of Jinglongdingzi about 1 600 aBP eruption.And the sedimentary time of tephra is during the period of low temperature alteration.which may be the influence of eruption toward the local climate according to the correlativity of eruption to local temperature curve of peat cellulose oxygen isotope.  相似文献